Objects of Data Dictionary

Objects in ABAP Dictionary resides in three levels that supports Re-usability They are:

Transaction Code for Data Dictionary is : SE11

• Tables and Structures
• Data Elements
• Domains

Tables:

• It Represents the database Tables where data actually resides.
• Tables can be Defined independently of the database in the ABAP Dictionary.
• The fields of the table are defined with their SAP ABAP Data types and Lengths.

Structures:

• By using Structures concept Fields can be added in Pre-Defined tables.
• Directly to add a field in predefined tables is not possible.
• These are Just like user-defined data type.
• Defined like a table and can then be addressed from ABAP programs.
• Structures contain data only during the runtime of a program.

Data Elements:

• Data Elements are used to maintain Field Labels from Back end.
• In SAP labels can be kept from Front end also like in Client server.
• Data Element screen is optional because of labels can be kept from Front end also.

Domain:

• Domain Screens are used maintain Data Type and Size for Fields.
• Domain defines the value range of all table fields and structure components.

ABAP Data Dictionary

Data Dictionary:

A Data Dictionary is a Centralized Storage location for Information about the data that is stored in the Database. This Information is often called "Metadata"(Data about Data).

The Data Dictionary Provides answers to Questions such as:

• What Data contained in the database
• What are the attributes of the data: Name, Length, Format etc...
• What relationship exists among different data objects.

Data Dictionary used for:

• Management of Data Definitions.
• Provision of information for evaluations.
• Support for Software Development
• Support for Documentation.
• Ensuring the Data Definitions are flexible and up to date.

Introduction to ABAP

ABAP - Stands for Advanced Business Application Programming.

-> It is the programming language to develop applications for the R/3 System.

-> ABAP Language also known as ABAP/4 language.

Here 4 stands for 4th generation language.

-> The Latest version of ABAP is Called ABAP objects and it supports Object-Oriented Programming.

Data Types in ABAP Language:

Pre-Defined Data Types:

Integer Data Types:

4 Integer Data Types

-> Integer - I

-> Floating Point - F

-> Packed Decimal - P

-> Numeric - N

Character Data Types:

6 Character Data Types

-> Char - C

-> String - S

-> Date - DATS (YYYYMMDD)

-> Time - TIMS (HHMMSS)

-> XString - XS

-> Hexa Decimal - X

User Defined Data Types:

Syntax:

Types: Variable_Name type Variable_Type.

Ex:

Types: Eno type I.

Here Eno is Variable_Name

I is Variable_Type
Type is a Keyword to refer Data Types

Types is to make Statement as Data Type

Other way to define Data Types

Data: Eno type I

Data: Empno type Eno

Types means Data Types, Data means Data Objects

Data Types doesn't takes memory where as Data Objects can takes memory.

What is ERP ?

ERP :

ERP - Stands for Enterprise Resource Planning

The ERP Software Manages the whole entrprise.

Leading ERP Software

SAP ECC

Oracle E-Business Suites

Microsoft Dynamics

PeopleSoft

J.D.Edwards.

What is SAP ?

-> SAP stands for Systems Applications and Products in Data Processing.

-> It was Founded in 1972 by 5 Empoyees of IBM in Germany.

-> It is an ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) Software.

-> SAP Released R/3 as a Client Server Software.

-> In R/3 'R' stands for Real time & '3' stands for 3-tier Architecture.

-> Modules in SAP R/3 or ECC

* FICO - Finance & Controlling

* SD - Sales & Distribution

* MM - Material Management

* PP - Production Planning

* QM - Quality Management

* WM - Warehouse Management

* LE - Logistics Execution

* HR - Human Resource

* PS - Project Systems

* EHS - Environment Health and Safety

* PLM - Product Life Cycle Management

-> New Dimension Products

* CRM - Customer Relationship Management

* SRM - Supplier Relationship Management

* APO - Advanced Planner & Optimizer

* BI - Business Intelligence

* SEM - Strategic Enterprise Management

* BPC - Business Process Consolidation

* FSCM - Financial Supply Chain Management

* PI - Process Integration

-> SAP Runs on 4th Generation Programming Language called ABAP (Advance Business Application Programming). It have many of the features of other modern programming languages ssuch as the familiar C, Visual Basic and Power Builder.

-> SAP are Categorized into 3 core functional areas:

* Logistics

Sales and Distribution (SD)

Material Management (MM)

Warehouse Management (WM)

Production Planning (PP)

General Logistics (LO)

Quality Management (QM)

* Financial

Financial Accounting (FI)

Controlling (CO)

Enterprice Controlling (EC)

Investment Management (IM)

Treasury (TR)

* Human Resources

Personnel Administration (PA)

personnel Development (PD)